المصادر المعينة على فهم كتب المدينة
الْكِتَابُ الثَّانِي مِنْ سِلْسِلَةِ تَعْلِيمِ اللُّغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ لِغَيْرِ النَّاطِقِينَ بِهَا - الْمُسْتَوَى الْمُتَوَسِّطُ
The second book in the Arabic language learning series for non-native speakers - Intermediate level
الدَّرْسُ التَّاسِعَ عَشَرَ
Lesson 19
يُعِيدُ هَذَا الدَّرْسُ التَّأْكِيدَ عَلَى نَصْبِ الْفِعْلِ الْمُضَارِعِ بِـ "لَنْ". كَمَا يُلَخِّصُ أَدَوَاتِ النَّفْيِ لِلْمَاضِي وَالْحَالِ وَالْمُسْتَقْبَلِ.
This lesson re-emphasizes making the present tense verb accusative with "لَنْ". It also summarizes the negation particles for past, present, and future tenses.
لَنْ أَخْرُجَ مِنْ قَرْيَتِي فِي الصَّيْفِ. الْأَطِبَّاءُ لَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنَ الْمُسْتَشْفَى الْيَوْمَ.
Review: "لَنْ" (lan - will not) makes the present tense verb accusative and refers to the future. Examples: "I will not leave my village in the summer." "The doctors will not leave the hospital today."
يُنْفَى الْمَاضِي بِـ (مَا): مَا كَتَبْتُ الدَّرْسَ. يُنْفَى الْمُضَارِعُ بِـ (لَا) لِلْحَالِ وَالْمُسْتَقْبَلِ: لَا أَشْرَبُ الْقَهْوَةَ (الْآنَ / عَادَةً). يُنْفَى الْمُضَارِعُ بِـ (لَنْ) لِلْمُسْتَقْبَلِ: لَنْ أَخْرُجَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ غَدًا.
Past is negated with "مَا" (e.g., "I did not write the lesson"). Present/Habitual/Future is negated with "لَا" (e.g., "I do not drink coffee (now/usually)"). Strong future negation is with "لَنْ" (e.g., "I will not leave the house tomorrow").